{"id":17009,"date":"2026-06-01T02:11:24","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:11:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.salamzaban.com\/?p=17009"},"modified":"2026-06-01T02:11:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:11:24","slug":"the-protestant-reformation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-protestant-reformation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

\"\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u060c\u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628-\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

The Protestant Reformation<\/h3>\n

Until about 500 years ago, there was only one Christian church in western and central Europe. People from Portugal to Poland all belonged to the Roman Catholic Church. However, soon after the year 1500, people in many parts of Europe broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and began their own churches instead. This was known as the Protestant Reformation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The leader of the early Protestant movement was a German theologian named Martin Luther. Luther believed that many of the priests of the Roman Catholic Church had become too concerned about wealth and luxury<\/strong>. Also, he disapproved of some practices in the Church. One such practice was that priests allowed people to pay money to the Church in exchange for commit<\/strong>ting various sins. Luther believed that it was wrong to allow people to buy the freedom to commit acts that were against the teachings of the Church.<\/p>\n

Luther began to criticize the Roman Catholic Church in public, and he refused to acknowledge <\/strong>the authority of the Church. He said that instead he would follow the teachings of the Bible as he understood them. The officials of the Church declared that Luther was a heretic<\/strong>. However, the local German rulers did not punish Luther. Many of them resent<\/strong>ed the power of the Church and welcomed his ideas.<\/p>\n

Luther and other Protestant leaders disagreed with the Church on several important issues. The Protestants believed that priests should be allowed to marry, whereas <\/strong>the Roman Catholic Church believed that priests should remain celibate<\/strong>. The Protestants believed that people should read the Bible for themselves, whereas the Roman Catholic Church believed that priests should interpret <\/strong>the Bible for the people.<\/p>\n

During the decades that followed Luther, the Protestant movement spread throughout much of Europe. Over time, many different Protestant churches were formed. During this period, many wars were fought between local rulers who favour<\/strong>ed Protestantism, and other local rulers who supported the Roman Catholic Church. In the end, many parts of Europe became Protestant, such as Scandinavia, England, and parts of Germany, Holland, and Switzerland.<\/p>\n

However, the people and rulers of many other areas of Europe preferred to remain in the Roman Catholic Church. These areas included most of southern Europe, as well as Poland and Ireland. The Roman Catholic Church changed a few of its practice<\/strong>s in response to Protestant criticism, but kept its most important beliefs.<\/p>\n

In recent times, relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the various Protestant churches have become much more friendly. Some discussions have been held between Catholic and Protestant officials, in order to resolve some of their disagreements.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

\n

\nthe Reformation<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\"the_Reformation
\nthe religious changes in Europe in the 16th century, that resulted in the Protestant churches being established<\/p>\n

\n

luxury:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"luxury-\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a
\nvery great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars etc
\nin luxury<\/strong><\/span>
\nShe stole to keep her boyfriend in luxury.
\nHe was leading a life of luxury in Australia.<\/p>\n

luxury hotel\/car\/home etc<\/strong> <\/span>(=expensive and large)
\nWe stayed in a five-star luxury hotel.
\nThe dress is lambswool – pure luxury.<\/p>\n

\n

commit:<\/strong><\/span>
\npast tense and past participle committed present participle committing
\n\u25b6CRIME\u25c0
\n[transitive] to do something wrong or illegal
\nWomen commit fewer crimes than men.<\/p>\n

commit murder\/rape\/arson etc<\/strong><\/span>
\nBrady committed a series of brutal murders.<\/p>\n

\n

acknowledge:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u25b6ACCEPT SOMEBODY’S AUTHORITY\u25c0
\nto accept that someone or something has authority over people
\nBoth defendants refused to acknowledge the authority of the court.
\nacknowledge somebody as something<\/strong><\/span>
\nMany of the poor acknowledged him as their spiritual leader.<\/p>\n

\n

heretic:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\"heretic\"
\nsomeone who is guilty of heresy<\/p>\n

heretics are usually treated worse than infidels
\nCranmer was put to death as a heretic.<\/p>\n

\n

resent:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\"resent-\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a
\nto feel angry or upset about a situation or about something that someone has done, especially because you think that it is not fair
\nresent (somebody) doing something<\/strong><\/span>
\nI resented having to work such long hours.
\nbitterly\/deeply\/strongly resent <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

She bitterly resented his mother’s influence over him.Paul resented the fact that Carol didn’t trust him.<\/p>\n

I resent what you said about my sister
\nHoma resents having to live with her mother-in-law
\nhe resents you because you are frank<\/p>\n

Another Source:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

to feel anger and dislike about (something that hurts, offends, or annoys one):<\/p>\n

I strongly\/bitterly resent her attempts to interfere in my work.<\/p>\n

[+v-ing] I resent having to get his permission for everything I do.
\n\u2014~ful adj :<\/p>\n

She gave him a resentful look.<\/p>\n

\n

whereas:<\/strong> <\/span>conjunction formal
\n(used to show an opposite or different fact, situation, etc.) but:<\/p>\n

They want a house, whereas we would rather live in an apartment.<\/p>\n

Whereas we want an apartment, they would rather live in a house.<\/p>\n

Another Source:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

used to say that although something is true of one thing, it is not true of another
\nThe old system was fairly complicated whereas the new system is really very simple.<\/p>\n

Whereas the city spent over $1 billion on its museums and stadium, it failed to look after its schools<\/p>\n

\n

celibate:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\"celibate\"
\nnot married and not having sex, especially because of your religious beliefs
\nthose who become Catholic priests must remain celibate
\n\uffdasee also<\/strong><\/span> virgin<\/p>\n

Catholic priests are required to be celibate.<\/p>\n

\n

interpret:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\"interpret\"
\nto explain the meaning of something
\nFreud’s attempts to interpret the meaning of dreams
\nto interpret a poem
\nto interpret a difficult text<\/p>\n

\n


\n<\/strong>favor<\/b><\/span>:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\"favour\"
\n\u25b6PREFER\u25c0
\nto prefer someone or something to other things or people, especially when there are several to choose from
\nBoth countries seem to favor the agreement.<\/p>\n

loose clothing of the type favored in Arab countries
\nfavor<\/b><\/span> somebody\/something over somebody\/something<\/b><\/span>
\nFlorida voters favored Bush over Gore by a very small margin.<\/p>\n

\n

practice:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\"practice\"
\n\u25b6SOMETHING DONE OFTEN\u25c0
\n[uncountable and countable] something that people do often, especially a particular way of doing something or a social or religious custom
\nreligious beliefs and practices dangerous working practices
\nthe practice of doing something<\/strong><\/span>
\nthe practice of dumping waste into the sea<\/p>\n

\n

\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d 3<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e 2 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0646 1398 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0634\u062f.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 The Protestant Reformation Until about 500 years ago, there was only one Christian church in western and central Europe. People from Portugal to Poland all belonged to the Roman Catholic Church. However, soon after the year 1500, people in many parts of Europe broke away from the Roman Catholic Church… \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-level-three"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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