{"id":18807,"date":"2026-06-01T02:04:33","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.salamzaban.com\/?p=18807"},"modified":"2026-06-01T02:04:33","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:04:33","slug":"women-in-sport","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/women-in-sport\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634<\/p>\n

\"Women-Sport\"<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Women in Sport<\/h3>\n

The struggle to attain equality<\/strong> for female participation in sport has been a long and hard fought<\/strong> one. One hundred years ago, a majority of people-many women included-would have thought it unnatural, if not immoral<\/strong>, to permit women to participate in sports. Today, women’s participation is widespread and accepted by most. However, there are still many sports and sport-related institutions and organizations that have not achieved full equality. Some sports, such as football or boxing, encourage very little female participation, although even these so-called “masculine<\/strong>” sports are changing. Women’s boxing, for example, will probably be included in the Olympic Games by the end of this decade.<\/p>\n

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, when sports and physical education programs were first organized in North America, women were forbidden<\/strong> from participating for so-called “scientific” or “medical” reasons. Physicians as a group often spoke out against<\/strong> female athleticism<\/strong>, using the argument that physical activity would damage reproduction<\/strong>. Others claimed that it was quite simply “unnatural” for women to participate in sports. Little real evidence was provided to support these claims. In truth<\/strong>, the so-called <\/strong>“evidence” was more a reflection of physicians’ cultural assumption<\/strong>s about women’s place in society in general.<\/p>\n

The 1920s and 1930s witness<\/strong>ed a short “Golden Age” in women’s sports. Individual athletes and teams or leagues formed to support female athletics. Track and field, tennis, softball<\/strong>, programs in physical education, and other activities were encouraged, at least for those women lucky enough to have the time and money to participate. There was even a Women’s Olympic Games movement in the 1920s and 1930s. At one point, the regular Olympic Games organized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), became concerned that the Women’s Olympics would gain enough power to challenge<\/strong> the superiority<\/strong> of the IOC’s Olympics. As a result, the IOC included a few more women’s events in their Games, although not many.<\/p>\n

The Golden Age of women’s sports was followed by a long drought<\/strong>. The post<\/strong>-World War II era was one of very conservative<\/strong> traditional family values in North America. However, in the 1970s the current boom<\/strong> in women’s sport began. One of the driving force<\/strong>s in the movement was East Bloc countries, particularly the Soviet Union<\/strong> and East Germany, both of which encouraged female athletes at the highest level-the Olympic Games.<\/p>\n

Female athletes with strong and muscular bodies emerge<\/strong>d on the international sports stage<\/strong>. At first, this raised concern among the male-dominated<\/strong> sports establishment<\/strong>. However, after years of struggle, the muscular and strong female athletic body has become common in international sport.<\/p>\n

In the late-nineteenth century, the founder of the modern Olympic Games, Pierre de Coubertin, said that the sight of women participating in sport was an affront <\/strong>to the human eye, and unnatural. We’ve come a long way since then.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

equality<\/p>\n

\"equality\"
\na situation in which people have the same rights, advantages etc
\nequality of
\nAll people have the right to equality of opportunity.
\nequality with
\nWomen have yet to achieve full equality with men in the workplace.
\nequality between
\nequality between men and women
\nracial\/sexual equality
\nThe government must promote racial equality.<\/p>\n

—
\nfought
\n—
\nimmoral<\/p>\n

\"immoral\"
\nmorally wrong
\n\uffdasee also amoral
\nDeliberately making people suffer is immoral.
\nIt’s immoral to be rich while people are starving and homeless.<\/p>\n

Another Source<\/p>\n

not good or right; not following accepted moral principles:
\nUsing other people for one\u2019s own profit is immoral.<\/p>\n

—
\nmasculine<\/p>\n

\"masculine\"
\nhaving qualities considered to be typical of men or of what men do
\n\uffdaopposite feminine
\nThey’re nice curtains, but I’d prefer something a little more masculine.
\nShe has a very masculine voice.
\nHunting was a typically masculine occupation.<\/p>\n

—
\nforbidden<\/p>\n

\"forbidden\"
\nnot allowed, especially because of an official rule
\n\uffdasee also banned
\nit is forbidden (to do something)
\nIt is forbidden to smoke at school.
\nbe strictly\/expressly\/absolutely etc forbidden
\nAlcohol is strictly forbidden in Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n

—
\nspeak out\u00a0 phrasal verb<\/p>\n

\"speak_out\"
\nto publicly speak in protest about something, especially when protesting could be dangerous
\nspeak out about\/against
\nFive students who had spoken out against the regime were arrested.<\/p>\n

—
\nathleticism
\n\"athleticism\"
\nthe state of being an athlete, or of taking part in athletic events.
\n—
\nreproduction<\/p>\n

\"reproduction\"
\nthe act or process of producing babies, young animals, or plants
\nScientists studied the reproduction, diet, and health of the dolphins.
\nhuman reproduction
\na biology lesson on the reproduction of the rabbit<\/p>\n

—
\nIn truth
\nin fact, really
\n—
\nso-called
\npopularly known or called by this term: the so-called nuclear powers<\/p>\n

Another Source
\nnamed; called by such a name<\/p>\n

—
\nassumption
\nsomething that is taken as a fact or believed to be true without proof: Don\u2019t rely on the information she gave you \u2014 it\u2019s pure assumption (on her part). | The results of the experiment shook the basic assumptions of his theory. [+that] our mistaken assumption that the price would fall | Let\u2019s work on the assumption (=taking it as likely) that our proposal will be accepted.
\nAnother Source<\/p>\n

something that you think is true although you have no definite proof
\nassumption that
\nA lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.My calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.We are working on the assumption that the conference will take place as planned.
\nassumption about
\nPeople make a lot of assumptions about me.<\/p>\n

—
\nwitness<\/p>\n

\"witness\"
\n\u25b6TIME\/PLACE\u25c0
\nif a time or place witnesses an event, the event happens during that time or in that place
\nRecent years have witnessed the collapse of the steel industry.<\/p>\n

—
\nsoftball<\/p>\n

\"softball\"
\n1
\na game similar to baseball but played on a smaller field with a slightly larger and softer ball
\n2
\nthe special ball used to play this game<\/p>\n

—
\nsuperiority<\/p>\n

\"superiority\"<\/p>\n

the quality of being better, more skilful, more powerful etc than other people or things
\n\uffdaopposite inferiority
\nsuperiority of
\nthe supposed superiority of the male sex
\nsuperiority over
\nthe intellectual superiority of humans over other animals
\nsuperiority in
\nUS superiority in air power<\/p>\n

—
\nchallenge<\/p>\n

\"challenge\"
\n\u25b6COMPETITION\u25c0
\nto invite someone to compete or fight against you, or to try to win something
\n\uffdasee also challenger, dare
\nchallenge somebody to something
\nAfter lunch Carey challenged me to a game of tennis.
\nchallenge for
\nLiverpool are challenging for the title (=in a position where they could win) .<\/p>\n

—
\npost
\n—
\nconservative<\/p>\n

\"conservative\"<\/p>\n

1 not liking changes or new ideas :
\na very conservative attitude to education
\nconservative views<\/p>\n

2 Conservative\u00a0\u00a0 belonging to or concerned with the Conservative Party in Britain :
\nConservative policies
\na Conservative MP<\/p>\n

3 not very modern in style, taste etc\u00a0 SYN\u00a0<\/strong> traditional :
\na dark conservative suit<\/p>\n

—
\nboom<\/p>\n

\"boom\"
\n\u25b6WHEN SOMETHING IS POPULAR\u25c0
\n[singular] an increase in how popular or successful something is, or in how often it happens
\nthe disco boom of the 1970s
\nboom in
\nthe boom in youth soccer in the U.S.<\/p>\n

—
\nboom\u00a0 Noun<\/p>\n

\"boom\"
\n\u25b6WHEN SOMETHING IS POPULAR\u25c0
\nan increase in how popular or successful something is, or in how often it happens
\nthe disco boom of the 1970s
\nboom in
\nthe boom in youth soccer in the U.S.
\na (period of) rapid growth or increase: There\u2019s been a boom in exports this year. | the post-war baby boom | The big tax cuts fuelled a consumer boom. | a boom town (=where wealth and population are growing very fast)
\n\uffdasee also baby boom<\/p>\n

—
\nthe driving force (behind something\/somebody)<\/p>\n

\"the_driving_force\"
\nthe person or thing that makes something happen
\nsomeone or something that strongly influences people and makes them do something
\nBetty Coward was the driving force behind the project.<\/p>\n

—
\nsoviet Union, the<\/p>\n

\"soviet_Union_the\"
\nbetween 1917 and 1991, a country in Europe and Asia, whose full name was the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (the USSR). The Soviet Union was the largest country in the world and was made up of 15 republics (=separate nations) , the most important of which was Russia. It was formed after the Russian Revolution in 1917 as a Communist state, led by Lenin. It was one of the most powerful countries in the world, and many people regarded it as the enemy of the US and western Europe during the Cold War. In the 1990s the Soviet Union began to break up as many of the republics got rid of their Communist governments and made themselves independent.<\/p>\n

—
\nemerge<\/p>\n

\"emerging\"
\nto appear or come out
\nThe flowers emerge in the spring.
\nemerge from
\nThe sun emerged from behind the clouds.
\nSeveral interesting new poets have emerged in recent years.
\nwhen land first emerged from the sea
\nviruses appear to have emerged in recent years<\/p>\n

—
\nstage<\/p>\n

\"stage\"<\/p>\n

—
\nmale-dominated<\/p>\n

\"male-dominated\"
\ninvolving mostly men or controlled mostly by men
\na male-dominated profession<\/p>\n

—
\nestablishment
\n—
\naffront<\/p>\n

\"affront\"
\nan act, remark, etc., that is rude to someone or hurts their feelings, esp. when intentional or in public; INSULT:
\nan affront to one\u2019s dignity\/pride
\nThe comments were an affront to his pride.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Today, women’s participation… \u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55096,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-level-three"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634 - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/women-in-sport\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634 - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc Women in Sport The struggle to attain equality for female participation in sport has been a long and hard fought one. One hundred years ago, a majority of people-many women included-would have thought it unnatural, if not immoral, to permit women to participate in sports. 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\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/women-in-sport\/","og_locale":"fa_IR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634 - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc","og_description":"\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc Women in Sport The struggle to attain equality for female participation in sport has been a long and hard fought one. One hundred years ago, a majority of people-many women included-would have thought it unnatural, if not immoral, to permit women to participate in sports. 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