{"id":20488,"date":"2026-06-01T02:12:20","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:12:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.salamzaban.com\/?p=20488"},"modified":"2026-06-01T02:12:20","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:12:20","slug":"the-expulsion-of-the-acadians","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-expulsion-of-the-acadians\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0622\u06a9\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0627<\/p>\n

\"acadia<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

The Expulsion of the Acadians<\/h3>\n

The history of the Americas, from their discovery by Columbus till the founding of modern nation states, has been the struggle<\/strong> among European powers for the largest and richest sections of the continents. In particular, England and France have struggled for control of most of North America. Many tragedies and disasters have marked this conflict, but few have been as heart-rendering<\/strong> as the expulsion of the Acadians in 1755.<\/p>\n

“Acadia” refers to what are now the Maritime Provinces of Canada – New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia. In 1605, a French expedition<\/strong> under De Monts and Champlain established an agricultural settlement at Port-Royal in present day Nova Scotia. Although Port-Royal and other colonies had very mixed success, there was a gradual increase of French settlement through the seventeenth century. By 1710, the French, or Acadian, population had reached 2,100.<\/p>\n

In 1710, Port-Royal fell to the English, and the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 confirmed British ownership of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. By this treaty, the Acadians, that is the French-speaking inhabitant<\/strong>s, were allowed to stay or leave the country as they pleased.<\/p>\n

The majority of inhabitants of Acadia were French and were still being influenced by agents from France and Quebec. This made their loyalty to Britain very doubtful in time of war. Governor Philipps attempted to get the Acadians to swear an oath of allegiance<\/strong> to King George of England. And Philipps was able in 1729 to get the French settlers to agree to a modified oath, with the understanding that they would not have to fight against the French and their Indian allies.<\/p>\n

The Acadians remained neutral<\/strong> during the fighting between Britain and France in 1744-45 in Nova Scotia. In 1749, the British established a new capital for Nova Scotia at Halifax, and began to bring in English-speaking settlers. Because of threats from the French and Indians, most of these settlers remained close to Halifax.<\/p>\n

British skirmish<\/strong>es with the French and Indians continued, and a new war between France and England was approaching. Governor Lawrence decided that it was time to settle the Acadian question. He ordered the Acadians either to take an unqualified oath of allegiance to England, or to face expulsion from the colony. At that time, in 1755, there were troops and ships from New England in the area, and it seemed like an opportune <\/strong>time to round up <\/strong>the Acadians and ship<\/strong> them out<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

When the Acadians refused to take the oath which might oblige<\/strong> them to fight against France, the British rounded up about 6,000 of the 8,000 Acadians, burned their homes, and shipped them away to the British colonies of Virginia, the Carolinas, and as far as the mouth of the Mississippi River. Several of the transport ships sank, drowning all on board, and the Acadians died from disease and hardship<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Since the expulsion order did not come from London, it has been suggested that Governor Lawrence had personal reasons for the expulsion. He may have been greedy for the land and possession<\/strong>s confiscate<\/strong>d from the Acadians. Others say that there was the genuine <\/strong>fear for the English position in North America, and that Lawrence was only protecting the interests of the colony.<\/p>\n

Acadians still live in Maritime Canada today. Almost 2,000 fled into<\/strong> the woods and elude<\/strong>d the round-up<\/strong>. Another 2,000 Acadians later returned from exile to take the oath of allegiance.<\/p>\n

Many stories were told of their sufferings. One tale relates how on the very day of his wedding, a bridegroom was seized by the British and transported from the colony. His bride wandered for many years through the American colonies trying to find him. At last, when she was old, she found him on his deathbed. The shock of finding him, and his death, soon caused her death. This is the story of Henry W. Longfellow’s poem “Evangeline.”<\/p>\n

\n
\n

Struggle<\/p>\n

\"Struggle\"
\nSource 1
\nTo fight against somebody\/something in order to prevent a bad situation or result
\nStruggle (against somebody\/something)<\/strong>\u00a0He struggled against cancer for two years.
\nStruggle (with somebody\/something)<\/strong>
\nLisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police.<\/p>\n

Source 2
\nIf two people struggle, they fight each other for something, especially something one of them is holding
\nStruggle for <\/strong>They struggled for possession of the gun.<\/p>\n

Heart-renderin<\/strong>g<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Heart-rendering\"
\nMaking you feel great pity
\nHeartrending stories of children being taken from their parents<\/p>\n

Expedition<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Expedition\"
\nSource 1
\nAn organized journey with a particular purpose, especially to find out about a place that is not well known
\nTo plan\/lead\/go on an expedition to the North Pole<\/p>\n

Usage note: tripJourney tour expedition excursion outing day out<\/strong>These are all words for an act of travelling to a place.<\/p>\n

Trip an act of travelling from one place to another, and usually back again: a business trip
\na five-minute trip by taxi
\nJourney<\/strong> an act of travelling from one place to another, especially when they are a long way apart
\na long and difficult journey across the mountains<\/p>\n

Trip or journey?A trip<\/strong> usually involves you going to a place and back again; a journey <\/strong>is usually one-way. A trip <\/strong>is often shorter than a journey<\/strong>, although it does not have to be:
\nA trip to New York
\nA round-the-world trip
\nIt is often short in time, even if it is long in distance. Journey<\/strong> is more often used when the travelling takes a long time and is difficult. In North American English journey<\/strong> is not used for short trips:
\n(British English) what is your journey to work like?
\nTour<\/strong> a journey made for pleasure during which several different places are visited:
\nA tour of Bavaria
\nExpedition<\/strong> an organized journey with a particular purpose, especially to find out about a place that is not well known:
\nThe first expedition to the South Pole
\nExcursion <\/strong>a short trip made for pleasure, especially one that has been organized for a group of people:
\nWe went on an all-day excursion to the island.
\nOuting <\/strong>a short trip made for pleasure or education, usually with a group of people and lasting no more than a day:
\nThe children were on a day’s outing from school.
\nDay out <\/strong>a trip to somewhere for a day, especially for pleasure:
\nWe had a day out at the beach.
\nA (n) foreign\/overseas<\/strong> trip\/journey\/tour\/expedition
\nA bus\/coach\/train\/rail <\/strong>trip\/journey\/tour
\nTo go on<\/strong> a(n) trip\/journey\/tour\/expedition\/excursion\/outing\/day out
\nTo set out\/off on<\/strong> a(n) trip\/journey\/tour\/expedition\/excursion
\nTo make<\/strong> a(n) trip\/journey\/tour\/expedition\/excursion<\/p>\n

Source 2
\nA long and carefully organized journey, especially to a dangerous or unfamiliar place, or the people that make this journey:
\nan expedition to the North Pole
\nAnother Everest expedition
\nOn an expedition He went on an expedition to Borneo.<\/p>\n

Inhabitant<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Inhabitant\"
\nSource 1
\nA person or an animal that lives in a particular place
\nThe oldest inhabitant of the village
\nA town of 11000 inhabitants<\/p>\n

Source 2
\nOne of the people who live in a particular place
\na city of six million inhabitants<\/p>\n

Allegiance<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Allegiance\"
\nSource 1
\nPerson\u2019s continued support for a political party, religion, ruler, etc
\nTo switch\/transfer\/change allegiance
\nAn oath\/a vow\/a statement of allegiance
\nPeople of various party allegiances joined the campaign.
\nAllegiance (to somebody\/something)<\/strong> to pledge\/swear allegiance
\nHe affirmed his allegiance to the president.<\/p>\n

Source 2
\nLoyalty to a leader, country, belief etc
\nAllegiance to<\/strong>You owe allegiance (=have a duty to give allegiance) to your king.
\nSwear\/pledge allegiance<\/strong>I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America.
\nAn oath of allegiance<\/strong>Switch\/transfer allegiance (=start to support a different person, group etc)
\nThe people here have strong political allegiances<\/p>\n

Neutral<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Neutral\"
\nSource 1
\nNot belonging to any of the countries that are involved in a war; not supporting any of the countries involved in a war
\nNeutral territory\/waters
\nSwitzerland was neutral during the war.<\/p>\n

Source 2
\n1 not supporting any of the people or groups involved in an argument or disagreement:
\nI always tried to remain neutral when they started arguing.
\nClive decided to adopt a neutral position.
\nThe British government acted as a neutral observer during the talks.<\/p>\n

2 in a war<\/strong><\/p>\n

Acountry that is neutral does not support any of the countries involved in a war: During World War II, Sweden was neutral.
\nneutral territory\/waters<\/strong> (=land or sea that is not controlled by any of the countries involved in a war)<\/p>\n

Skirmish<\/p>\n

\"Skirmish\"
\n1 a short fight between small groups of soldiers, etc, especially one that is not planned<\/p>\n

Several people were killed in skirmishes during the night.
\n2 a short argument, especially between political opponents
\nA skirmish between the two party leaders<\/p>\n

source 2
\nA fight between small groups of soldiers, ships etc, especially one that happens away from the main part of a battle – used in news reports
\nskirmish with\/between\/over <\/strong>The young soldier was killed in a skirmish with government troops.<\/p>\n

Opportune<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Opportune\"<\/p>\n

source 1
\nSuitable for doing a particular thing, so that it is likely to be successful
\nSynonym: <\/strong>favorable
\nThe offer could not have come at a more opportune moment.
\nChapman decided the time was opportune for talking business.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nAn opportune moment\/timea time that is suitable for doing something:
\nI waited, hoping for an opportune moment to discuss the possibility of a raise<\/p>\n

Round somebody up<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Round_somebody_up\"<\/p>\n

source 1
\nIf police or soldiers round up a group of people, they find them and arrest or capture them
\nA number of suspects were rounded up and questioned.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nif police or soldiers round up a particular group of people, they find them and force them to go to prison
\nThousands of men were rounded up and jailed.<\/p>\n

Ship
\n\"Ship\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

source 1
\nShip somebody\/something + adverb\/preposition<\/strong>To send or transport somebody\/something by ship or by another means of transport
\nThe company ships its goods all over the world.
\nHe was arrested and shipped back to the UK for trial.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto order someone to go somewhere
\nship somebody off\/out etc
\nHe was shipped off to a juvenile detention center<\/p>\n

Oblige
\n\"Oblige\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

source 1
\nOblige somebody to do something <\/strong>To force somebody to do something, by law, because it is a duty, etc
\nParents are obliged by law to send their children to school.
\nI felt obliged to ask them to dinner.
\nHe suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nif you are obliged to do something, you have to do it because the situation, the law, a duty etc makes it necessary
\noblige somebody to do something <\/strong>The minister was obliged to report at least once every six months.
\nCircumstances had obliged him to sell the business.
\nfeel obliged to do something <\/strong>(=feel that you have a duty to do something)
\nMany parents feel obliged to pay for at least part of the wedding.
\n! Do not use oblige when you are talking about making someone do something they do not want to do. Use force or make: No one can force (NOT oblige) you to stay in a job that you hate.<\/p>\n

Hardship
\n\"Hardship\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

source 1
\nA situation that is difficult and unpleasant because you do not have enough money, food, clothes, etc
\nEconomic\/financial, etc. hardship
\nPeople suffered many hardships during that long winter.
\nThe two men endured great hardship during their trek across Antarctica.
\nIt was no hardship to walk home on such a lovely evening.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nsomething that makes your life difficult or unpleasant, especially a lack of money, or the condition of having a difficult life:
\nan economic policy that caused great hardship for many people
\nMany students are suffering severe financial hardship.
\nhardship of<\/strong>the hardships of war<\/p>\n

Possession
\n\"Possession\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

source 1
\nSomething that you own or have with you at a particular time
\nSynonym:<\/strong> belongings
\nPersonal possessions
\nThe ring is one of her most treasured possessions.
\nPlease make sure you have all your possessions with you when leaving the plane.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nsomething that you own or have with you at a particular time [= belongings]:
\nHe had sold all his possessions and left the country.
\nI packed my remaining possessions into the trunk.
\ntreasured\/prized\/precious possession <\/strong>(=one that is very important to you)
\nThis old violin had been her father’s most treasured possession.
\nPrisoners were allowed no personal possessions.<\/p>\n

Confiscate
\n\"Confiscate\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

source 1
\nTo officially take something away from somebody, especially as a punishment
\nTheir land was confiscated after the war.
\nThe teacher threatened to confiscate their phones if they kept using them in class.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto officially take private property away from someone, usually as a punishment:
\nMiss Williams confiscated all our sweets.
\nMany opposition supporters had their goods confiscated<\/p>\n

Genuine<\/strong>source 1<\/p>\n

Real; exactly what it appears to be; not artificial
\nSynonym:<\/strong> authentic
\nIs the painting a genuine Picasso?
\nFake designer watches are sold at a fraction of the price of the genuine article.
\nOnly genuine refugees can apply for asylum.<\/p>\n

source 2
\na genuine feeling, desire etc is one that you really feel, not one you pretend to feel [= sincere]
\ngenuine interest\/concern\/desire etc<\/strong><\/p>\n

The reforms are motivated by a genuine concern for the disabled.
\na genuine fear of invasion
\n‘Did he really?’ Her surprise seemed genuine.<\/p>\n

Flee into<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Flee_into\"
\nsource 1<\/p>\n

To leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger
\nShe burst into tears and fled.
\nFlee from somebody\/something<\/strong>A camp for refugees fleeing from the war
\nFlee to\u2026\/into\u2026 <\/strong>He fled to London after an argument with his family.
\nFlee something <\/strong>He was caught trying to flee the country.
\nThe driver had already fled the scene of the accident.<\/p>\n

source 2
\npast tense and past participle fled
\nwritten<\/strong>to leave somewhere very quickly, in order to escape from danger:
\nHis attackers turned and fled.
\nMasaari spent six months in prison before fleeing the country.
\nflee to\/from\/into <\/strong>Many German artists fled to America at the beginning of World War II.<\/p>\n

Elude<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Elude\"
\nsource 1<\/p>\n

To manage to avoid or escape from somebody\/something, especially in a clever way
\nThe two men managed to elude the police for six weeks.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto escape from someone or something, especially by tricking them [= avoid]:
\nHe eluded his pursuers by escaping into a river.<\/p>\n

Round-up<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Round-up\"
\nsource 1<\/p>\n

An act of bringing people or animals together in one place for a particular purpose
\nThe round-up of sheep for shearing
\nThe police carried out their usual round-up of Saturday night drunks.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nwhen people or animals of a particular type are all brought together, often using force
\nround-up of<\/strong>a round-up of suspected drug-dealers
\nthe annual cattle round-up<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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