{"id":20492,"date":"2026-06-01T02:13:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:13:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.salamzaban.com\/?p=20492"},"modified":"2026-06-01T02:13:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:13:19","slug":"the-great-walls-of-china","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-great-walls-of-china\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-20492-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.salamzaban.com\/sites\/repo\/audio\/six-level\/level-four\/salamzaban.com-sixlevelconversation-levelfour-073.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.salamzaban.com\/sites\/repo\/audio\/six-level\/level-four\/salamzaban.com-sixlevelconversation-levelfour-073.mp3\">https:\/\/media.salamzaban.com\/sites\/repo\/audio\/six-level\/level-four\/salamzaban.com-sixlevelconversation-levelfour-073.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.salamzaban.com\/sites\/repo\/audio\/six-level\/level-four\/salamzaban.com-sixlevelconversation-levelfour-073.mp3\"><strong>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">The Great Walls of China<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">The Great Wall of China is famous in North America, and many tourists would like to travel there. However, most North Americans don&#8217;t know very much about Chinese history. That is changing now, as China is becoming an important subject for study in the West.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">The settled communities of China were targets for <strong>nomadic<\/strong> raids since earliest times. For much of its early history, China was not fully unified. However, Shih Huang, who died in 210 B.C., united the whole country. Then he <strong>set about <\/strong>defending China from the northern nomads. It seems likely that there had been defensive walls in the north before. However, Shih Huang had a wall constructed across the entire north of China. This defensive wall <strong>extend<\/strong>ed for almost 2,000 miles and had 25,000 towers. Such walls were very expensive to build. They also required huge numbers of men to construct them, and later to defend them.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Even so, the Great Wall did not stop nomadic <strong>invasion<\/strong>s <strong>altogether<\/strong>. Not long after Shih Huang&#8217;s death, a tribe called the Huns <strong>cross<\/strong>ed the wall. The Emperor Hu Ti, who expanded Chinese power beyond the Wall, defeated them.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Centuries later, the Mongols to the north of China were united under Genghis Khan. The Mongols attacked China, and Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis, became the first non-Chinese emperor of China in 1279. Eventually, the Chinese <strong>rebel<\/strong>led and <strong>overthrew<\/strong> their Mongol rulers. Nonetheless, the Mongols remained a threat. In 1449, they <strong>destroy<\/strong>ed a Chinese army and captured the Emperor.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">A new Great Wall was begun to keep the Mongols out. This is the wall which tourists visit today and which is pictured on Chinese stamps. Construction continued for 200 years. While some parts were built of <strong>packed <\/strong>earth<strong>,<\/strong> much of the wall was built of stone, brick and <strong>rubble<\/strong>. This is why it took so long. Stones had to be <strong>quarri<\/strong>ed, and bricks baked and carried to the site. Labourers, <strong>peasant<\/strong>s, soldiers and criminals were forced to work on the wall. Large and small <strong>fort<\/strong>s and <strong>watchtower<\/strong>s carefully guarded the wall. Nearly a million soldiers were <strong>station<\/strong>ed along it.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">The Chinese defenders<strong> lit <\/strong>fires when the enemy was sighted. <strong>Plume<\/strong>s of smoke and <strong>cannon<\/strong> shots told that the enemy was advancing and how many there were. By 1644, the new wall was almost completed.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">That same year, however, an internal<strong> uprising <\/strong>overthrew the Emperor. This <strong>revolt <\/strong>was partly caused by the high taxes demanded to pay for the wall. The Emperor&#8217;s men invited the nomadic Manchu tribe to come through the gates in the wall to help <strong>put down<\/strong> the revolt. The Manchus came; but they stayed, and ruled China for several hundred years.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Since the Manchus ruled both north and south of the wall, they did not care about maintaining it. Many parts fell into <strong>disrepair,<\/strong> and some completely disappeared. Today the parts that remain are a major tourist attraction. The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world. Even if it didn&#8217;t really succeed in its purpose of keeping the northern nomads out of China.<\/p>\n<hr dir=\"ltr\" \/>\n<hr dir=\"ltr\" \/>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Nomadic<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/nomadic-camel-desert-egypt-2.webp\" alt=\"Nomadic\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nNomad<br \/>\nA member of a community that moves with its animals from place to place<br \/>\nAdjective<br \/>\nNomadic tribes<br \/>\nThe nomadic life of a foreign correspondent<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source2<br \/>\nIf someone leads a nomadic life, they travel from place to place and do not live in any one place for very long:<br \/>\nThe son of an airforce pilot, he had a somewhat nomadic childhood<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Set about doing something<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/set-about-doing-something-2.webp\" alt=\"Set_about_doing_something\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\n<strong>Set about something| set about doing something<\/strong>[no passive]<br \/>\nTo start doing something<br \/>\nShe set about the business of cleaning the house.<br \/>\nWe need to set about finding a solution.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source2<br \/>\nTo start doing or dealing with something, especially something that needs a lot of time and effort:<br \/>\nA team of volunteers set about the task with determination.<br \/>\n<strong>Set about doing something<\/strong>How do senior managers set about making these decisions?<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Extend<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/family-happy-talk-shake-hand-2.webp\" alt=\"Extend\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\n<strong>Extend something <\/strong>To make something longer or larger<br \/>\nTo extend a fence\/road\/house<br \/>\nThere are plans to extend the no-smoking area.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nTo make a room, building, road etc bigger or longer:<br \/>\nWe plan to extend the kitchen by six feet.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Invasion<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/usa-invasion-attack-iraq-2.webp\" alt=\"Invasion\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nThe act of an army entering another country by force in order to take control of it<br \/>\nThe German invasion of Poland in 1939<br \/>\nThe threat of invasion<br \/>\nAn invasion force\/fleet<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Usage note: War and peace<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Starting a war<strong>declare\/make\/wage<\/strong> war (on somebody\/something)<br \/>\n<strong>go to<\/strong> war (against\/with somebody)<br \/>\n<strong>cause\/spark\/provoke\/foment\/quell<\/strong> unrest<br \/>\n<strong>incite\/lead\/crush\/suppress<\/strong> a revolt\/rebellion<br \/>\n<strong>launch\/mount\/carry <\/strong>out a surprise\/terrorist attack<br \/>\n<strong>prevent\/halt\/represent <\/strong>an escalation of the conflict<br \/>\n<strong>be torn apart by\/be on the brink of <\/strong>civil war<br \/>\n<strong>enter\/invade\/occupy<\/strong>somebody&#8217;s territory<br \/>\n<strong>lead\/launch\/resist\/repel<\/strong> an invasion<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Military operations<strong>adopt\/develop\/implement\/pursue<\/strong> a military strategy<br \/>\n<strong>carry out\/execute\/perform <\/strong>military operations\/manoeuvres\/(especially US) maneuvers<br \/>\n<strong>send\/deploy\/station\/pull back\/withdraw <\/strong>troops<br \/>\n<strong>go on\/fly\/carry out <\/strong>a reconnaissance\/rescue mission<br \/>\n<strong>train\/equip\/deploy<\/strong> army\/military\/combat units<br \/>\n<strong>lead\/launch\/conduct<\/strong> a raid\/a surprise attack\/an (air\/airborne\/amphibious) assault (on somebody)<br \/>\n<strong>employ\/use<\/strong> guerrilla tactics<br \/>\n<strong>conduct\/wage<\/strong> biological\/guerrilla warfare<br \/>\n<strong>fight\/crush\/defeat<\/strong> the rebels\/the insurgency<br \/>\n<strong>suffer\/inflict<\/strong> a crushing defeat<br \/>\n<strong>achieve\/win <\/strong>a decisive victory<br \/>\n<strong>halt\/stop<\/strong> the British\/German\/Russian advance<br \/>\n<strong>order\/force <\/strong>a retreat<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Fighting<strong>join\/serve in<\/strong> the army\/navy\/air force<br \/>\n<strong>be\/go\/remain\/serve<\/strong> on active duty<br \/>\n<strong>serve\/complete\/return from <\/strong>a tour of duty<br \/>\n<strong>be sent <\/strong>to the front (line)<br \/>\n<strong>attack\/strike\/engage\/defeat\/kill\/destroy<\/strong> the enemy<br \/>\n<strong>see\/report\/be engaged in <\/strong>heavy fighting<br \/>\n<strong>call for\/be met with<\/strong> armed resistance<br \/>\n<strong>come under <\/strong>heavy\/machine-gun\/mortar fire<br \/>\n<strong>fire<\/strong> a machine-gun\/mortar shells\/rockets (at somebody\/something)<br \/>\n<strong>shoot <\/strong>a rifle\/a pistol\/bullets\/missiles<br \/>\n<strong>launch\/fire<\/strong> a cruise\/ballistic\/anti-tank missile<br \/>\n<strong>use<\/strong> biological\/chemical\/nuclear weapons<br \/>\n<strong>inflict\/suffer\/sustain <\/strong>heavy losses\/casualties<br \/>\n<strong>be hit\/killed by<\/strong> enemy\/friendly\/artillery fire<br \/>\n<strong>become\/be held as <\/strong>a prisoner of war<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Civilians in war<strong>harm\/kill\/target\/protect<\/strong> innocent\/unarmed civilians<br \/>\n<strong>cause\/avoid\/limit\/minimize<\/strong> civilian casualties\/collateral damage<br \/>\n<strong>impose\/enforce\/lift<\/strong> a curfew<br \/>\n<strong>engage in\/be a victim of <\/strong>ethnic cleansing<br \/>\n<strong>be sent to<\/strong> an internment\/a concentration camp<br \/>\n<strong>accept\/house\/resettle <\/strong>refugees fleeing from war<br \/>\n<strong>fear\/threaten<\/strong> military\/violent reprisals<br \/>\n<strong>commit\/be accused of <\/strong>war crimes\/crimes against humanity\/genocide<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Making peace<strong>make\/bring\/win\/achieve\/maintain\/promote<\/strong> peace<br \/>\n<strong>call for\/negotiate\/broker\/declare<\/strong> a ceasefire\/a temporary truce<br \/>\n<strong>sign <\/strong>a ceasefire agreement<br \/>\n<strong>call for\/bring\/put an end to <\/strong>hostilities<br \/>\n<strong>demand\/negotiate\/accept<\/strong> the surrender of somebody\/something<br \/>\n<strong>establish\/send (in)<\/strong> a peacekeeping force<br \/>\n<strong>negotiate\/conclude\/ratify\/sign\/accept\/reject\/break\/violate<\/strong> a peace treaty<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nWhen the army of one country enters another country by force, in order to take control of it<br \/>\n<strong>Invasion of <\/strong>The invasion of Normandy<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">AltogetherSource 1<br \/>\n(used to emphasize something) completely; in every way<br \/>\nThe train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether.<br \/>\nI don&#8217;t altogether agree with you.<br \/>\nI am not altogether happy (= I am very unhappy) about the decision.<br \/>\nIt was an altogether different situation.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Usage note:<strong>Altogether \/ all together<\/strong><strong>Altogether <\/strong>and <strong>all together<\/strong> do not mean the same thing. <strong>Altogether<\/strong> means \u2018in total\u2019 or (in British English) \u2018completely\u2019:<br \/>\nWe have invited fifty people altogether.<br \/>\nI am not altogether convinced by this argument.<br \/>\n<strong>All together<\/strong> means \u2018all in one place\u2019 or \u2018all at once\u2019:<br \/>\nCan you put your books all together in this box?<br \/>\nLet\u2019s sing \u2018Happy Birthday\u2019. All together now!<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nUsed to emphasize that something has been done completely or has finished completely:<br \/>\nAn old custom that has vanished altogether<br \/>\nCongress could ban the procession altogether.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Cross<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/woman-cross-corridor-walk-2.webp\" alt=\"Cross\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nTo go across; to pass or stretch from one side to the other<br \/>\n<strong>Cross (over)<\/strong>I waved and she crossed over (= crossed the road towards me).<br \/>\n<strong>Cross (over) (from\u2026) (to\/into\u2026)<\/strong>We crossed from Dover to Calais.<br \/>\n<strong>Cross something to cross a\/the road<\/strong>To cross the sea\/mountains<br \/>\nTo cross France by train<br \/>\nThe bridge crosses the River Dee.<br \/>\nA look of annoyance crossed her face.<br \/>\nThey crossed the finishing line together (= in a race).<br \/>\n<strong>Cross over something<\/strong>He crossed over the road and joined me.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nTo go or stretch from one side of something such as a road, river, room etc to the other<br \/>\n<strong>Cross to <\/strong>He crossed to the window.<br \/>\n<strong>Cross (over) the road\/street\/river etc<\/strong>It&#8217;s easy to have an accident just crossing the road.<br \/>\nHe was hit by a car when he tried to cross over the road near Euston station.<br \/>\n<strong>Cross the Atlantic\/the Channel etc <\/strong>The first steamship to cross the Atlantic<br \/>\nAn old bridge crosses the river.<br \/>\n<strong>Cross over<\/strong>She crossed over to sit beside Dot.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Rebel<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/painting-two-people-rebel-2.webp\" alt=\"Rebel\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\n<strong>Rebel (against somebody\/something)<\/strong> to fight against or refuse to obey an authority, for example a government, a system, your parents, etc<br \/>\nHe later rebelled against his strict religious upbringing.<br \/>\nMost teenagers find something to rebel against<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nSomeone who opposes or fights against people in authority: Anti-government rebels attacked the town.<br \/>\nRebel forces\/soldiers<br \/>\nThe rebel leader<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Overthrew<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/man-tired-overthrew-office-2.webp\" alt=\"Overthrew\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\n<strong>overthrow somebody\/something <\/strong>to remove a leader or a government from a position of power by force<br \/>\nThe president was overthrown in a military coup.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nTo remove a leader or government from power, especially by force [= oust]:<br \/>\nRebels were already making plans to overthrow the government.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Pack<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/man-woman-making-snowman-winter-cold-2.webp\" alt=\"Packed\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\n<strong>Pack something (down)<\/strong>To press something such as snow or soil to form a thick hard mass<br \/>\nPack the earth down around the plant.<br \/>\nA patch of packed snow<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source2<br \/>\nPo press snow, soil, sand etc down so that it becomes hard and firm<br \/>\n<strong>pack something down <\/strong>Pack the soil down firmly.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Rubble<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/rubble-building-smashed-destroy-2.webp\" alt=\"Rubble\" \/><br \/>\nBroken stones or bricks from a building or wall that has been destroyed or damaged<br \/>\nThe bomb reduced the houses to rubble.<br \/>\nThere were piles of rubble everywhere.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Quarry<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/small-cloud-top-mountain-2.webp\" alt=\"Quarry\" \/><br \/>\nA place where large amounts of stone, etc. are dug out of the ground<br \/>\nA slate quarry<br \/>\nThe site of a disused quarry<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Peasant<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/peasant-black-man-ladle-2.webp\" alt=\"Peasant\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land<br \/>\nPeasant farmers<br \/>\nA peasant family<br \/>\nPeasant revolts<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nA\u00a0poor farmer who owns or rents a small amount of land, either in past times or in poor countries:<br \/>\nMost villagers are peasant farmers.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Fort<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/fort-strong-building-defending-2.webp\" alt=\"Fort\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA building or buildings built in order to defend an area against attack<br \/>\nThe remains of a Roman fort<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nA\u00a0strong building or group of buildings used by soldiers or an army for defending an important place<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Watchtower<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/watchtower-seashore-ships-ocean-2.webp\" alt=\"Watchtower\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA tall tower from which soldiers, etc. watch when they are guarding a place<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nA\u00a0high tower used for watching and guarding a place<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Station<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/station-helicopter-soldiers-2.webp\" alt=\"Station\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\n<strong>Station somebody + adverb\/preposition<\/strong>To send somebody, especially from one of the armed forces, to work in a place for a period of time<br \/>\nTroops stationed abroad<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nTo send someone in the military to a particular place for a period of time as part of their military duty [= post]:<br \/>\nI was stationed overseas at the time.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">lit<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/turn-light-match-2.webp\" alt=\"light\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\npast tense, past participle of light<br \/>\nTo start to burn<br \/>\nThe fire wouldn&#8217;t light.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nPast tense and past participle lit or lighted<br \/>\n[intransitive and transitive] to start to burn, or to make something start to burn: He stopped to light a cigarette.<br \/>\nI lit the fire and poured a drink.<br \/>\nI couldn&#8217;t get the candles to light.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Plume<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/plume-smoke-black-building-2.webp\" alt=\"Plume\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA cloud of something that rises and curves upwards in the air<br \/>\nA plume of smoke<br \/>\nA radioactive plume could reach the city within hours.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nA\u00a0cloud of smoke, dust etc which rises up into the air<br \/>\n<strong>plume of smoke\/dust\/gas\/spray etc<\/strong>A black plume of smoke rose above the city.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Cannon<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/old-cannon-war-weapon-2.webp\" alt=\"Cannon\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nAn old type of large heavy gun, usually on wheels, that fires solid metal or stone balls<br \/>\nThree cannon opened fire.<br \/>\nA burst of cannon fire<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nA\u00a0large heavy powerful gun that was used in the past to fire heavy metal balls<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Uprising<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/uprising-people-rally-2.webp\" alt=\"Uprising\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA situation in which a group of people join together in order to fight against the people who are in power<br \/>\n<strong>Synonym: <\/strong>rebellion, revolt<br \/>\nAn armed uprising against the government<br \/>\nA popular uprising (= by the ordinary people of the country)<br \/>\nTo crush\/suppress an uprising<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nAn attempt by a group of people to change the government, laws etc in an area or country [= rebellion]:<br \/>\nA popular uprising (=by the ordinary people in a country)<br \/>\nAn armed uprising<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Revolt<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/revolt-people-rally-2.webp\" alt=\"Revolt\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA protest against authority, especially that of a government, often involving violence; the action of protesting against authority<br \/>\n<strong>Synonym: <\/strong>uprising<br \/>\nThe Peasants&#8217; Revolt of 1381<br \/>\nTo lead\/stage a revolt<br \/>\nThe army quickly crushed the revolt.<br \/>\nThe biggest back-bench revolt this government has ever seen<br \/>\nAttempts to negotiate peace ended in armed revolt.<br \/>\n(formal) The people rose in revolt.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nA\u00a0refusal to accept someone&#8217;s authority or obey rules or laws [= rebellion]:<br \/>\nThe prime minister is now facing a revolt by members of his own party.<br \/>\n<strong>Revolt against\u00a0<\/strong>A revolt against authority<br \/>\n<strong>Revolt over<\/strong>A\u00a0revolt over the proposed spending cuts<br \/>\n<strong>In revolt<\/strong>French farmers are in revolt over cheap imports.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Put something down<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/three-men-fight-face-glass-2.webp\" alt=\"Put_something_down\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nTo stop something by force<br \/>\n<strong>Synonym: <\/strong>crush<br \/>\nTo put down a rebellion<br \/>\nThe military government is determined to put down all opposition.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Disrepair<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 300px; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/11\/disrepair-old-wall-2.webp\" alt=\"Disrepair\" \/><br \/>\nSource 1<br \/>\nA building, road, etc. that is in a state of disrepair has not been taken care of and is broken or in bad condition<br \/>\nThe station quickly fell into disrepair after it was closed.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Source 2<br \/>\nBuildings, roads etc that are in disrepair are in bad condition because they have not been cared for:<br \/>\nBuildings allowed to fall into disrepair<br \/>\nThe castle is in a state of disrepair.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 &nbsp; \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc The Great Walls of China The Great Wall of China is famous in North America, and many tourists would like to travel there. However, most North Americans don&#8217;t know very much about Chinese history. That is changing now, as China is becoming an important subject for study&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-great-walls-of-china\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20491,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-level-four"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-great-walls-of-china\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 &nbsp; \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc The Great Walls of China The Great Wall of China is famous in North America, and many tourists would like to travel there. However, most North Americans don&#8217;t know very much about Chinese history. That is changing now, as China is becoming an important subject for study&hellip;&nbsp;\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-great-walls-of-china\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-01T02:13:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"sayah\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"sayah\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/the-great-walls-of-china\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/the-great-walls-of-china\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"sayah\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3a775bd141861fb244023b4b477654de\"},\"headline\":\"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-01T02:13:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/the-great-walls-of-china\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2304,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/the-great-walls-of-china\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"articleSection\":[\"level four\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fa-IR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/the-great-walls-of-china\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/salamzaban.com\\\/conversation\\\/the-great-walls-of-china\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 - 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\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/the-great-walls-of-china\/","og_locale":"fa_IR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc","og_description":"\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0686\u06cc\u0646 &nbsp; \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc The Great Walls of China The Great Wall of China is famous in North America, and many tourists would like to travel there. However, most North Americans don&#8217;t know very much about Chinese history. 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