{"id":20555,"date":"2026-06-01T02:08:57","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.salamzaban.com\/?p=20555"},"modified":"2026-06-01T02:08:57","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T02:08:57","slug":"colonial-williamsburg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/colonial-williamsburg\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af<\/p>\n

\"Colonial<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Colonial Williamsburg<\/h3>\n

Travelers in the desert or the jungle sometimes see the remains of old cities. These cities were once large and prosperous<\/strong>, but something has changed. Perhaps the climate got drier or wetter; perhaps the trade route<\/strong>s, which had brought merchants to the city, now went elsewhere; perhaps enemies destroyed them; or perhaps disease or famine drove the people away.<\/p>\n

Other cities, which were once important, have become less so in time. Jamestown, Virginia, the first English colony in America is now only an historic site. It began as the capital of Virginia. But when fire destroyed the government buildings in 1699, the capital was moved to nearby Williamsburg.<\/p>\n

Williamsburg was an important town for many years. The British Governors lived there, and two of them worked on the plans for the town and its buildings. The College of William and Mary was established there in the 1690s – the second oldest college in America. As the capital, Williamsburg contained many public buildings, including a courthouse, a jail, a powder<\/strong> magazine, the governor’s palace, and the government building. Of course, there were many private houses as well.<\/p>\n

From 1699 until 1780, Williamsburg was the capital of Virginia. Many people came there for government and legal business. It was also a social center with dances, fairs, horse races and auction<\/strong>s. The Governor and his wife provided expensive dinners and entertainment for their guests.<\/p>\n

Most of the important people in Virginia owned tobacco plantation<\/strong>s. In 1612, John Rolfe had first raised tobacco to sell to England. Soon tobacco farming was Virginia’s most important business. Most planters were able to build large houses and buy slaves to do their work. One plantation owner is said to have owned 300,000 acres of land and 1,000 black slaves, as well as having large amounts of money.<\/p>\n

The planters were the leaders of this colonial society, and they resent<\/strong>ed British interference in their local government. When England impose<\/strong>d taxes on the American colonists in 1765, it was a Virginian, Patrick Henry, who spoke against them. His words, “Give me liberty, or give me death” helped to inspire<\/strong> the American Revolution. As complaints about British rule increased, it was Virginians who led the rebels. George Washington became commander of the revolutionary army, and Thomas Jefferson draft<\/strong>ed the Declaration of Independence in 1776.<\/p>\n

In 1780, the capital of Virginia was moved to Richmond. Williamsburg was now simply a small college town of local importance. Not much changed in Williamsburg for many years. In the twentieth century, the Reverend Dr. Goodwin, who was the priest at the Williamsburg Church, had the idea of restor<\/strong>ing Williamsburg to the way it appeared in colonial days. Goodwin approached John D. Rockefeller Jr. with his idea, and Rockefeller agreed to finance<\/strong> the project. Beginning in 1926, the old buildings of Williamsburg were restored to their original form. First were the college buildings, then the Raleigh Tavern, the government building, the governor’s palace and so on. Buildings that had been destroyed over time were reconstructed from plans and description<\/strong>s.<\/p>\n

Soon the restored buildings were opened to the public. Guides, dressed in eighteenth century costumes, show visitors through the buildings and gardens. Visitors can also travel to nearby tobacco plantations. Now tourists who pay admission<\/strong> to visit this wonderful historic town finance much of the work of restoration and conservation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

prosperous<\/p>\n

\"prosperous\"
\nsource 1
\nrich and successful
\nSynonym:<\/strong> affluent
\nprosperous countries
\nFarmers are more prosperous in the south of the country.<\/p>\n

Usage note: richwealthy<\/strong>prosperous<\/strong>affluent<\/strong>well off<\/strong>comfortable<\/strong>These words all describe somebody\/something that has a lot of money, property or valuable possessions.
\nrich <\/strong>(of a person) having a lot of money, property or valuable possessions; (of a country or city) producing a lot of wealth so that many of its people can live at a high standard
\nwealthy<\/strong> rich<\/p>\n

rich or wealthy?There is no real difference in meaning between these two words. Both are very frequent, but rich<\/strong> is more frequent and can be used in some fixed phrases where wealthy<\/strong> cannot: He’s stinking\/filthy wealthy. It’s a favourite resort for the wealthy and famous.
\nprosperous <\/strong>(rather formal) rich and successful.
\naffluent<\/strong> (rather formal) rich and with a good standard of living: affluent Western countries<\/p>\n

prosperous or affluent?Both prosperous<\/strong> and affluent <\/strong>are used to talk about people and places. Prosperous<\/strong> is used much more than affluent <\/strong>to talk about times and periods. Affluent<\/strong> is often used to contrast rich people or societies with poor ones. Being prosperous<\/strong> is nearly always seen as a good thing: It’s good to see you looking so prosperous. It’s good to see you looking so affluent.
\nwell off <\/strong>(often used in negative sentences) rich: His family is not very well off.
\nThe opposite of well off<\/strong> is badly off<\/strong>, but this is not very frequent; it is more common to say that somebody is not well off.
\ncomfortable<\/strong> having enough money to buy what you want without worrying about the cost: They’re not millionaires, but they’re certainly very comfortable.
\na(n) rich\/wealthy\/prosperous\/affluent\/well-off family<\/strong>a(n) rich\/wealthy\/prosperous\/well-off man\/woman<\/strong>a(n) rich\/wealthy\/prosperous\/affluent country\/city<\/strong><\/p>\n

source 2
\nrich and successful:
\na prosperous landowner<\/p>\n

route<\/p>\n

\"route\"
\nsource 1
\na fixed way along which a bus, train, etc. regularly travels or goods are regularly sent
\nThe house is not on a bus route.
\nshipping routes
\na cycle route (= a path that is only for cyclists )<\/p>\n

source 2
\na way from one place to anotherroute to\/from
\nWhat’s the best route to Cambridge?
\ntake\/follow a route<\/strong> (=use a route)
\nWe weren’t sure about which route we should take.
\nthe most direct route home<\/p>\n

powder magazine
\nauction<\/p>\n

\"auction\"
\nsource 1
\na public event at which things are sold to the person who offers the most money for them
\nan auction of paintings
\nThe house is up for auction (= will be sold at an auction ).
\nA classic Rolls-Royce fetched (= was sold for) \u00a325000 at auction.
\nan Internet auction site<\/p>\n

source 2
\na public meeting where land, buildings, paintings etc are sold to the person who offers the most money for them
\nat auction <\/strong>The house was sold at auction.
\nput something up for auction<\/strong> (=try to sell something at an auction)
\nThis week 14 of his paintings were put up for auction.
\nauction house<\/strong> (=a company that arranges auctions)<\/p>\n

plantation<\/p>\n

\"plantation\"
\nsource 1
\na large area of land, especially in a hot country, where crops such as coffee, sugar, rubber, etc. are grown
\na banana plantation
\nplantation workers\/owners<\/p>\n

source 2
\na large area of land in a hot country, where crops such as tea, cotton, and sugar are grown:
\na rubber plantation<\/p>\n

resent<\/p>\n

\"resent\"
\nsource 1
\nto feel bitter or angry about something, especially because you feel it is unfair
\nresent something\/somebody <\/strong>I deeply resented her criticism.
\nThe children resented the new woman in their father’s life.
\nresent doing something <\/strong>He bitterly resents being treated like a child.
\nresent somebody doing something <\/strong>She resented him making all the decisions.
\n(formal) She resented his making all the decisions.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto feel angry or upset about a situation or about something that someone has done, especially because you think that it is not fair
\nresent (somebody) doing something <\/strong>I resented having to work such long hours.
\nbitterly\/deeply\/strongly resent <\/strong>She bitterly resented his mother’s influence over him.
\nPaul resented the fact that Carol didn’t trust him.<\/p>\n

impose<\/p>\n

\"impose\"
\nsource 1
\nimpose something (on\/upon something\/somebody) <\/strong>to introduce a new law, rule, tax, etc; to order that a rule, punishment, etc. be used
\nA new tax was imposed on fuel.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nif someone in authority imposes a rule, punishment, tax etc, they force people to accept it:
\nThe court can impose a fine.
\nimpose something on something\/somebody
\nThe government imposed a ban on the sale of ivory.<\/p>\n

inspire<\/p>\n

\"inspire\"
\nsource 1
\nto give somebody the desire, confidence or enthusiasm to do something well
\ninspire somebody (with something) <\/strong>The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.
\nThe actors’ enthusiasm inspired the kids.
\ninspire somebody to something <\/strong>His superb play inspired the team to a thrilling 5\u20130 win.
\ninspire somebody to do something <\/strong>By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children to put on their own productions.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto encourage someone by making them feel confident and eager to do something:
\nWe need someone who can inspire the team.
\ninspire somebody to do something <\/strong>He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
\ninspire somebody to something <\/strong>I hope this success will inspire you to greater efforts.
\nInspired by the sunny weather, I decided to explore the woods.<\/p>\n

draft<\/p>\n

\"draft\"
\nsource 1
\ndraft something <\/strong>to write the first rough version of something such as a letter, speech or book
\nto draft a constitution\/contract\/bill
\nI’ll draft a letter for you.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto write a plan, letter, report etc that will need to be changed before it is in its finished form:
\nEva’s busy drafting her speech for the conference.<\/p>\n

restore<\/p>\n

\"restore\"
\nsource 1
\nto repair a building, work of art, piece of furniture, etc. so that it looks as good as it did originally
\nHer job is restoring old paintings.
\nThe house has been lovingly restored to the way it looked in 1900 when it was built.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto repair an old building, piece of furniture, or painting etc so that it is in its original condition:
\nThe church was carefully restored after the war.
\na Victorian fireplace restored to its former glory<\/p>\n

finance<\/p>\n

\"finance\"
\nsource 1
\nfinance something to provide money for a project
\nSynonym:<\/strong> fund
\nThe building project will be financed by the government.
\nHe took a job to finance his stay in Germany.<\/p>\n

source 2
\nto provide money, especially a lot of money, to pay for something [= fund]:
\nThe concerts are financed by the Arts Council.<\/p>\n

descriptionsource 1
\na piece of writing or speech that says what somebody\/something is like; the act of writing or saying in words what somebody\/something is like
\nto give a detailed\/full description of the procedure
\na brief\/general description of the software
\nPolice have issued a description of the gunman.
\n\u2018Scared stiff\u2019 is an apt description of how I felt at that moment.
\na personal pain that goes beyond description (= is too great to express in words)
\nthe novelist’s powers of description<\/p>\n

source 2
\na piece of writing or speech that gives details about what someone or something is like:
\nBerlin sounds fascinating from your description.
\ndescription of <\/strong>The writer began with a description of the area.
\nThe police have issued a detailed description of the missing woman.
\nan accurate description of the event
\nI checked my job description.
\ngive\/provide etc a description <\/strong>The booklet gives a brief description of each place.
\nbrief\/short\/full\/complete description <\/strong>Your insurance company will need a full description of the stolen property.
\nThe guide gives a general description of the island.
\nfit\/match\/answer a description <\/strong>(=be like the person or thing described)
\nHe matches the description of the attacker.<\/p>\n

admission<\/p>\n

\"admission\"
\nsource 1
\nthe amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an event
\nadmission charges\/prices
\n\u00a35 admission
\nWhat’s the admission?<\/p>\n

source 2
\nthe cost of entrance to a concert, sports event, cinema etc [\u21aa admittance]:
\nAdmission: $10 for adults, $5 for children.
\nThe cost includes free admission to the casinos.
\nThe Museum has no admission charge.<\/p>\n

conservation<\/p>\n

\"conservation\"
\nthe official protection of buildings that have historical or artistic importance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc Colonial Williamsburg Travelers in the desert or the jungle sometimes see the remains of old cities. These cities were once large and prosperous, but something has changed. Perhaps the climate got drier or wetter; perhaps the trade routes, which had brought merchants to the city, now went elsewhere; perhaps… \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5321,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-level-four"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/conversation\/colonial-williamsburg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af - \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0632\u0628\u0631\u06af \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc Colonial Williamsburg Travelers in the desert or the jungle sometimes see the remains of old cities. These cities were once large and prosperous, but something has changed. 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