{"id":52242,"date":"2025-03-30T22:34:47","date_gmt":"2025-03-30T22:34:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/exams.salamzaban.com\/?p=52242"},"modified":"2025-03-30T22:34:47","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T22:34:47","slug":"%d8%a2%d8%b2%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b9%db%8c-%d8%a2%db%8c%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3-%d8%b4%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%da%86%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a2%d9%be%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%84-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/exams\/%d8%a2%d8%b2%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b9%db%8c-%d8%a2%db%8c%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3-%d8%b4%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%da%86%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a2%d9%be%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%84-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 &#8211; \u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 &#8211; \u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2018<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"15237426969844080\"><script type=\"text\/JavaScript\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aparat.com\/embed\/B3loi?data[rnddiv]=15237426969844080&#038;data[responsive]=yes\"><\/script><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>you will hear a number of different<\/p>\n<p>recordings and you will have to answer<\/p>\n<p>questions on what you hear there will be<\/p>\n<p>time for you to read the instructions<\/p>\n<p>and questions and you will have a chance<\/p>\n<p>to check your work all the recordings<\/p>\n<p>will be played once only the test is in<\/p>\n<p>four sections<\/p>\n<p>now turn to section one<\/p>\n<p>section one you will hear a conversation<\/p>\n<p>about a language course first you have<\/p>\n<p>some time to look at questions one two<\/p>\n<p>five<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>you will see that there is an example<\/p>\n<p>that has been done for you on this<\/p>\n<p>occasion only the conversation relating<\/p>\n<p>to this will be played first<\/p>\n<p>good morning Balch I&#8217;m a language<\/p>\n<p>courses how may I help you oh yes I<\/p>\n<p>contacted you some time ago about<\/p>\n<p>following a German course in Germany and<\/p>\n<p>you advised me to take your placement<\/p>\n<p>tests before we go any further well I&#8217;ve<\/p>\n<p>done that now so I&#8217;d like to go ahead<\/p>\n<p>with booking the course for this summer<\/p>\n<p>if that&#8217;s possible certainly sir you<\/p>\n<p>said you took the placement test what<\/p>\n<p>was the result<\/p>\n<p>I was placed at the oh three level Oh<\/p>\n<p>three right that&#8217;s lower intermediate<\/p>\n<p>fine mister<\/p>\n<p>the answer is level three or lower<\/p>\n<p>intermediate so the course level has<\/p>\n<p>been filled in for you now we shall<\/p>\n<p>begin you should answer the questions as<\/p>\n<p>you listen because you will not hear the<\/p>\n<p>recording a second time listen carefully<\/p>\n<p>and answer questions one to five<\/p>\n<p>Pettersen John Patterson could you spell<\/p>\n<p>that for me please mr. Patterson P e TT<\/p>\n<p>e r SS o n that&#8217;s a TT and a double s am<\/p>\n<p>i right that&#8217;s right now could I ask you<\/p>\n<p>where the course takes place well we<\/p>\n<p>offer courses in Hamburg and Berlin for<\/p>\n<p>your level there&#8217;s never a problem there<\/p>\n<p>are always plenty of people for the<\/p>\n<p>intermediate classes oh dear<\/p>\n<p>does that mean that there might be a lot<\/p>\n<p>of students in my class I wouldn&#8217;t be<\/p>\n<p>very happy about that<\/p>\n<p>no don&#8217;t worry mr. Patterson the maximum<\/p>\n<p>class size is 12 but I&#8217;ve never known<\/p>\n<p>there to be more than 9 or 10 in a class<\/p>\n<p>it could even be five or six good<\/p>\n<p>actually I&#8217;d prefer to study in Berlin<\/p>\n<p>and how long is the course three weeks<\/p>\n<p>five hours a day two hours only on<\/p>\n<p>Saturday Sunday is free<\/p>\n<p>I see and what about accommodation there<\/p>\n<p>you have a choice mr. Peterson you can<\/p>\n<p>either stay with a German family who are<\/p>\n<p>used to having such guests or you can<\/p>\n<p>stay on the University campus or we can<\/p>\n<p>book you into a nearby bed-and-breakfast<\/p>\n<p>is there a big difference in price not<\/p>\n<p>really staying with the family works out<\/p>\n<p>the cheapest and the bed-and-breakfast<\/p>\n<p>is a bit more money<\/p>\n<p>staying on the University campus come<\/p>\n<p>somewhere between the two price-wise but<\/p>\n<p>Berlin is not too expensive anyway which<\/p>\n<p>do you recommend well if you want to<\/p>\n<p>practice your german and be part of a<\/p>\n<p>German family I would recommend staying<\/p>\n<p>with the family our families are all<\/p>\n<p>hand-picked and we&#8217;ve never had any sort<\/p>\n<p>of complaint yes<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ll probably do that then what are the<\/p>\n<p>dates of the course the first summer<\/p>\n<p>course starts on the 1st of June in<\/p>\n<p>Hamburg and a week later in Berlin which<\/p>\n<p>is what would concern you as you have<\/p>\n<p>chosen the Berlin course that&#8217;s the 8th<\/p>\n<p>of June the next course would begin on<\/p>\n<p>the 2nd of July and then the 2nd of July<\/p>\n<p>course would be perfect for me can you<\/p>\n<p>put me down for it now certainly mr.<\/p>\n<p>Patterson can I have your address please<\/p>\n<p>26 Mayfield Drive or ping ttan Kent I&#8217;m<\/p>\n<p>afraid I can&#8217;t remember the postal code<\/p>\n<p>don&#8217;t worry mr. Peterson I&#8217;ll check on<\/p>\n<p>it<\/p>\n<p>before you hear the rest of the<\/p>\n<p>conversation you have some time to look<\/p>\n<p>at questions six to ten<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now listen and answer questions six to<\/p>\n<p>ten there are a couple of other things<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;d like to ask certainly what do I need<\/p>\n<p>to bring on the course well apart from<\/p>\n<p>the obvious you&#8217;ll need our textbooks<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ll email you the name and publisher<\/p>\n<p>you should be able to find it in your<\/p>\n<p>local bookstore if you do have problems<\/p>\n<p>call me or email me and I&#8217;ll see what I<\/p>\n<p>can do we provide the computers computer<\/p>\n<p>discs translation exercises and all that<\/p>\n<p>sort of thing<\/p>\n<p>but you will need a good dictionary we<\/p>\n<p>recommend Langan shite which is more<\/p>\n<p>than adequate for your level you don&#8217;t<\/p>\n<p>have to go and spend a lot of money on<\/p>\n<p>an expensive dictionary not yet anyway<\/p>\n<p>maybe you will when your German reaches<\/p>\n<p>a very high standard that would be very<\/p>\n<p>nice now finally what about the cost of<\/p>\n<p>the course and how do I pay would you<\/p>\n<p>like to pay that in pounds or in Euros<\/p>\n<p>euros would be fine in that case it&#8217;s<\/p>\n<p>five hundred and fifty euros you can bei<\/p>\n<p>by credit card if you like oh dear I&#8217;m<\/p>\n<p>afraid I haven&#8217;t got a credit card how<\/p>\n<p>else can I pay that&#8217;s not a problem mr.<\/p>\n<p>Peterson you can pay by bank transfer<\/p>\n<p>fine by the way I forgot to mention I am<\/p>\n<p>a full-time student have you got a<\/p>\n<p>student card oh yes then that does make<\/p>\n<p>a difference you&#8217;ll be pleased to hear<\/p>\n<p>you are entitled to 35 percent of the<\/p>\n<p>full price and if you can persuade a few<\/p>\n<p>people to join you it would work out<\/p>\n<p>even cheaper how do you mean exactly<\/p>\n<p>well for every five people you find one<\/p>\n<p>goes free in other words if there are<\/p>\n<p>six of you you get one free course of<\/p>\n<p>course<\/p>\n<p>in reality you would divide up the<\/p>\n<p>savings amongst you presumably right<\/p>\n<p>well I&#8217;ll see what I can do thank you<\/p>\n<p>not at all mr. Patterson and I&#8217;m sure<\/p>\n<p>you&#8217;ll enjoy the course there are of<\/p>\n<p>course sightseeing possibilities would<\/p>\n<p>you like me to send you our brochure<\/p>\n<p>describing them yes thank you<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;d appreciate that anyway thanks for<\/p>\n<p>your help if I want to call back who do<\/p>\n<p>I ask for Suzanna I&#8217;m here most of the<\/p>\n<p>time<\/p>\n<p>that is the end of section one you now<\/p>\n<p>have half a minute to check your answers<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now turn to section two<\/p>\n<p>section two you will now hear a radio<\/p>\n<p>talk on agricultural regulations first<\/p>\n<p>you have some time to look at questions<\/p>\n<p>11 to 15<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now listen carefully and answer<\/p>\n<p>questions 11 to 15 could there be<\/p>\n<p>clearer proof of the arrogance and<\/p>\n<p>indifference of those who are supposed<\/p>\n<p>to keep our food safe than the muzzling<\/p>\n<p>of John Verrill agriculture is a<\/p>\n<p>business true and businesses have to<\/p>\n<p>make money but this shows how ministers<\/p>\n<p>and officials put the profits of the<\/p>\n<p>agriculture business before the<\/p>\n<p>well-being of the British people mr.<\/p>\n<p>Verrill<\/p>\n<p>a pharmaceutical chemist was appointed<\/p>\n<p>to represent consumers on one of the<\/p>\n<p>many committees that advise the<\/p>\n<p>government on food safety when he tried<\/p>\n<p>to do his job though and wanted to warn<\/p>\n<p>ministers of a danger to children&#8217;s<\/p>\n<p>health he was refused permission to do<\/p>\n<p>so the danger comes from hormones given<\/p>\n<p>to cattle in the USA and some other<\/p>\n<p>countries to make them grow faster they<\/p>\n<p>speed up the animals development to<\/p>\n<p>maturity thus making meat production<\/p>\n<p>more profitable there have however long<\/p>\n<p>been fears that the hormones have<\/p>\n<p>horrendous effects on the people who eat<\/p>\n<p>them causing diseases as serious as<\/p>\n<p>cancer once these hormones were used on<\/p>\n<p>British cattle &#8211; but over 20 years ago<\/p>\n<p>they were banned in Europe for being too<\/p>\n<p>dangerous<\/p>\n<p>indeed so concerned is the European<\/p>\n<p>Union that it banned imports of hormone<\/p>\n<p>fed beef years ago much to the fury of<\/p>\n<p>the US government which wants to sell it<\/p>\n<p>all over the world several years ago the<\/p>\n<p>USA and Canada asked the World Trade<\/p>\n<p>Organization to declare the ban illegal<\/p>\n<p>and to punish Europe for failing to lift<\/p>\n<p>it the WTO with its long record of<\/p>\n<p>refusing to let environmental or safety<\/p>\n<p>concerns interfere with trade agreed<\/p>\n<p>imposing fines of more than 120 million<\/p>\n<p>dollars a year on the EU for its refusal<\/p>\n<p>to back down the British government now<\/p>\n<p>backs the Americans claiming that there<\/p>\n<p>is no proof that hormone fed beef does<\/p>\n<p>any harm this is where mr. Verrill comes<\/p>\n<p>in he is very angry with the government<\/p>\n<p>especially as their claim comes out just<\/p>\n<p>after a Danish study shows that growth<\/p>\n<p>hormones are 200 times more dangerous<\/p>\n<p>than was previously thought worried by<\/p>\n<p>these findings mr. Verrill spoke to<\/p>\n<p>government representatives who did<\/p>\n<p>nothing<\/p>\n<p>before you hear the rest of the talk you<\/p>\n<p>have some time to look at questions 16<\/p>\n<p>to 20<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now listen and answer questions sixteen<\/p>\n<p>to twenty not only that but they have<\/p>\n<p>not been testing beef which is imported<\/p>\n<p>which by law they are required to do<\/p>\n<p>this directly affects the British public<\/p>\n<p>as about forty percent of the beef<\/p>\n<p>British people eat comes from abroad<\/p>\n<p>supposedly from countries like Brazil<\/p>\n<p>which does not allow the use of growth<\/p>\n<p>hormones Brazilian beef is stocked by<\/p>\n<p>some British supermarkets and widely<\/p>\n<p>used in catering yet when a Brazilian<\/p>\n<p>farmers recently visited by EU<\/p>\n<p>inspectors a large stockpile of this<\/p>\n<p>banned substance was found this is not<\/p>\n<p>the first food scandal we have had in<\/p>\n<p>our country take the present concern<\/p>\n<p>over a well known chocolate company<\/p>\n<p>several months ago the company found out<\/p>\n<p>that its sweets were contaminated with a<\/p>\n<p>rare form of salmonella but they did<\/p>\n<p>nothing about it leaving their sweets in<\/p>\n<p>the shops to be bought by the<\/p>\n<p>unsuspecting public it was not until<\/p>\n<p>five months later when several children<\/p>\n<p>had suffered food poisoning that the<\/p>\n<p>chocolate bars were removed from the<\/p>\n<p>shelves<\/p>\n<p>it makes you wonder how many other<\/p>\n<p>dangerous foods have been allowed onto<\/p>\n<p>our plates<\/p>\n<p>that is the end of section 2 you now<\/p>\n<p>have half a minute to check your answers<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now turn to section three<\/p>\n<p>section three you will hear a<\/p>\n<p>conversation between a tutor and two<\/p>\n<p>students Amanda and Jake first you have<\/p>\n<p>some time to look at questions 21 to 25<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now listen carefully and answer<\/p>\n<p>questions 21 to 25<\/p>\n<p>so Jake and Amanda how did the project<\/p>\n<p>go very well I think dr. Hinton I<\/p>\n<p>certainly learned a lot and enjoyed<\/p>\n<p>myself at the same time me too<\/p>\n<p>so remind me what was your project about<\/p>\n<p>basically what makes successful people<\/p>\n<p>let&#8217;s call them top achievers successful<\/p>\n<p>yes how are they different from us what<\/p>\n<p>do they do that<\/p>\n<p>other less successful people don&#8217;t do<\/p>\n<p>interesting and did you come to any<\/p>\n<p>conclusions quite a few actually good<\/p>\n<p>share some with me then well I&#8217;d always<\/p>\n<p>thought that a top achiever would be the<\/p>\n<p>sorted person who would bring work home<\/p>\n<p>every night and slave over it<\/p>\n<p>but it appears not those types tend to<\/p>\n<p>peak early and then go into decline they<\/p>\n<p>become addicted to work itself with much<\/p>\n<p>less concern for results we found that<\/p>\n<p>high achievers were certainly ready to<\/p>\n<p>work hard but within strict limits they<\/p>\n<p>knew how to relax could leave their work<\/p>\n<p>at the office prized close friends and<\/p>\n<p>family life and spent a healthy amount<\/p>\n<p>of time with their children and friends<\/p>\n<p>there&#8217;s a lesson for us all there anyway<\/p>\n<p>go on it&#8217;s also very important to choose<\/p>\n<p>a career which you enjoy not just one<\/p>\n<p>that pays well or which assures you of a<\/p>\n<p>pension many years down the line surely<\/p>\n<p>that&#8217;s important though Amanda yes I<\/p>\n<p>agree but being happy in your work is<\/p>\n<p>far more important than anything else<\/p>\n<p>top achievers spend over two-thirds of<\/p>\n<p>their working hours on doing work they<\/p>\n<p>truly prefer and only one third on<\/p>\n<p>disliked chores they want internal<\/p>\n<p>satisfaction not just external rewards<\/p>\n<p>such as pay Rises and promotions<\/p>\n<p>before you hear the rest of the<\/p>\n<p>conversation you have some time to look<\/p>\n<p>at questions 26 to 30<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now listen and answer questions 26 to 30<\/p>\n<p>actually in the end they often have both<\/p>\n<p>because they enjoy what they are doing<\/p>\n<p>so their work is better and their<\/p>\n<p>rewards higher yes Jake<\/p>\n<p>that certainly makes sense now can I ask<\/p>\n<p>you something do high achievers as you<\/p>\n<p>call them take many risks yes and no I<\/p>\n<p>interviewed one business executive who<\/p>\n<p>told me he was able to take risks<\/p>\n<p>because he carefully considered how he<\/p>\n<p>could salvage a situation if it all went<\/p>\n<p>wrong he imagined the worst that could<\/p>\n<p>happen and if he could live with that<\/p>\n<p>he went ahead if not he didn&#8217;t take the<\/p>\n<p>chance other people prefer to stay in<\/p>\n<p>what I heard described as the comfort<\/p>\n<p>zone setting for security even if it<\/p>\n<p>means settling for mediocrity and<\/p>\n<p>boredom &#8211; would you call top achievers<\/p>\n<p>perfectionists contrary to what I<\/p>\n<p>expected no I wouldn&#8217;t we came to the<\/p>\n<p>conclusion that a lot of ambitious and<\/p>\n<p>hardworking people are so obsessed with<\/p>\n<p>perfection that they actually turn out<\/p>\n<p>very little work I happen to know a<\/p>\n<p>university teacher a friend of my<\/p>\n<p>mother&#8217;s who has spent over 10 years<\/p>\n<p>preparing a study about a playwright she<\/p>\n<p>is so worried that she has missed<\/p>\n<p>something she still hasn&#8217;t sent the<\/p>\n<p>manuscript to her publisher<\/p>\n<p>meanwhile the playwright who was at the<\/p>\n<p>height of his fame when the project<\/p>\n<p>began has faded from public view<\/p>\n<p>the woman&#8217;s study even if finally<\/p>\n<p>published will interest few people so<\/p>\n<p>what has this got to do with top<\/p>\n<p>achievers well top achievers are almost<\/p>\n<p>always free of the compulsion to be<\/p>\n<p>perfect they don&#8217;t think of their<\/p>\n<p>mistakes as failures instead they learn<\/p>\n<p>from them so they can do better next<\/p>\n<p>time hmm<\/p>\n<p>well would you call them competitive<\/p>\n<p>high performers focus more on bettering<\/p>\n<p>their own previous efforts than on<\/p>\n<p>beating competitors<\/p>\n<p>in fact I or we came to the conclusion<\/p>\n<p>that worrying too much about competitors<\/p>\n<p>abilities and possible superiority can<\/p>\n<p>be self-defeating yes and we found that<\/p>\n<p>top achievers tend to be team players<\/p>\n<p>rather than loners they recognized that<\/p>\n<p>groups can solve certain complicated<\/p>\n<p>problems better than individuals and are<\/p>\n<p>eager to let other people do part of the<\/p>\n<p>work yes loners who are often over<\/p>\n<p>concerned about rivals can&#8217;t delegate<\/p>\n<p>important work or decision making their<\/p>\n<p>performance is limited because they must<\/p>\n<p>do everything themselves<\/p>\n<p>well it looks as if you two have done a<\/p>\n<p>thorough job and learn something into<\/p>\n<p>the bargain &#8211; now there are just a<\/p>\n<p>couple of points I&#8217;d like to clarify<\/p>\n<p>with you<\/p>\n<p>that is the end of section 3 you now<\/p>\n<p>have half a minute to check your answers<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now turn to section four<\/p>\n<p>section four you will hear a talk on<\/p>\n<p>seasonal affective disorder first you<\/p>\n<p>have some time to look at questions 31<\/p>\n<p>to 40<\/p>\n<p>you<\/p>\n<p>now listen carefully and answer<\/p>\n<p>questions 31 to 40<\/p>\n<p>in the past few years a new condition<\/p>\n<p>has been identified and given a name sad<\/p>\n<p>short for seasonal affective disorder<\/p>\n<p>this is now recognized as a distinct<\/p>\n<p>kind of clinical depression where people<\/p>\n<p>become depressed at the onset of winter<\/p>\n<p>accompanied by craving for sweet things<\/p>\n<p>causing weight gain each spring and<\/p>\n<p>summer would then bring on almost<\/p>\n<p>maniacal highs and feelings of boundless<\/p>\n<p>energy and happiness experiments to<\/p>\n<p>combat this depression showed that<\/p>\n<p>increased exposure to bright light in<\/p>\n<p>humans could suppress their production<\/p>\n<p>of the darkness related hormone called<\/p>\n<p>melatonin the light needed to induce<\/p>\n<p>this change was about 2,000 Lux or about<\/p>\n<p>four times brighter than ordinary<\/p>\n<p>household lighting it was then<\/p>\n<p>calculated that if bright light could<\/p>\n<p>suppress melatonin secretion then it<\/p>\n<p>might have other effects on the brain<\/p>\n<p>including the reversal of symptoms of<\/p>\n<p>depression while melatonin &#8216;he&#8217;s precise<\/p>\n<p>role in sad has not been pinned down the<\/p>\n<p>theory led to effective treatment not<\/p>\n<p>surprisingly sad effects more people<\/p>\n<p>where winter nights are longer and days<\/p>\n<p>shorter in the UK an estimated half a<\/p>\n<p>million adults develop a full-blown sad<\/p>\n<p>in winter and twice this number suffer<\/p>\n<p>the milder condition called sub syndrome<\/p>\n<p>all sad about 80% of sufferers improve<\/p>\n<p>when given light therapy and improvement<\/p>\n<p>usually comes within two to four days<\/p>\n<p>scientists are still unsure why winter<\/p>\n<p>depression happens but more than a<\/p>\n<p>decade of research has turned up some<\/p>\n<p>surprising findings nearly 80% of sad<\/p>\n<p>victims are women researchers are<\/p>\n<p>uncertain why this is so sad can affect<\/p>\n<p>people at any age but typically it<\/p>\n<p>begins around the age of 20 and becomes<\/p>\n<p>less common between 40 and 50 sad is<\/p>\n<p>comparatively rare in children and<\/p>\n<p>adolescence but so far researchers have<\/p>\n<p>been unable to come up<\/p>\n<p>with a logical reason for this as many<\/p>\n<p>as half of sad sufferers have at least<\/p>\n<p>one family member with depressive<\/p>\n<p>illness suggesting that the depression<\/p>\n<p>has a genetic component some patients<\/p>\n<p>experience shifts in their body clocks<\/p>\n<p>when they&#8217;re depressed in winter they<\/p>\n<p>are mourning people at one time of the<\/p>\n<p>year and become evening people at<\/p>\n<p>another what is the underlying<\/p>\n<p>difference between sad sufferers and<\/p>\n<p>others a clue can be found in<\/p>\n<p>carbohydrate craving a common symptom<\/p>\n<p>people often become obsessed with<\/p>\n<p>chocolate for example carbohydrates<\/p>\n<p>alter brain chemistry by increasing the<\/p>\n<p>level of a soothing chemical called<\/p>\n<p>serotonin a neurotransmitter that<\/p>\n<p>carries signals between brain cells sad<\/p>\n<p>sufferers crave carbohydrates because<\/p>\n<p>they may need serotonin to lift their<\/p>\n<p>mood this craving can be intense in fact<\/p>\n<p>an addiction it may be that the<\/p>\n<p>serotonin system of the brain has<\/p>\n<p>problems regulating itself during the<\/p>\n<p>winter<\/p>\n<p>some sad sufferers respond well to the<\/p>\n<p>drug Prozac thought to influence the<\/p>\n<p>brain serotonin using system other brain<\/p>\n<p>chemicals and hormones probably play a<\/p>\n<p>role in winter depression another<\/p>\n<p>neurotransmitter dopamine for example<\/p>\n<p>may be inadequate in certain cases<\/p>\n<p>researchers hope to uncover clues to sad<\/p>\n<p>secret by probing similarities between<\/p>\n<p>sad and hibernation though no valid link<\/p>\n<p>between the two has been established<\/p>\n<p>some sad patients say they feel like<\/p>\n<p>hibernating animals sad sufferers tend<\/p>\n<p>to put on fat in autumn and early winter<\/p>\n<p>roughly the time when such hibernators<\/p>\n<p>as bears and squirrels do<\/p>\n<p>that is the end of section 4 you now<\/p>\n<p>have half a minute to check your answers you\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 &#8211; \u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2018 &nbsp; you will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear there will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work all the recordings will be&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/exams\/%d8%a2%d8%b2%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b9%db%8c-%d8%a2%db%8c%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3-%d8%b4%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c-%da%86%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a2%d9%be%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%84-2018\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 &#8211; \u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2018<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ieltes-listening","pmpro-has-access"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 - \u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2018 - \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0644<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/exams\/\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646-\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc-\u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633-\u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc-\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631-\u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644-2018\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 - \u0634\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0644 2018 - \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0644\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 &#8211; 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