{"id":3259,"date":"2026-06-01T01:10:52","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T01:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tube.salamzaban.com\/?p=3259"},"modified":"2026-06-01T01:10:52","modified_gmt":"2026-06-01T01:10:52","slug":"0936-urban-sprawl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/tube\/0936-urban-sprawl\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc urban sprawl"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>0936: urban sprawl<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87-%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646: (\u062a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u067e\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u2026)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>02122460487<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>09214837929<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"81179114775\"><script type=\"text\/JavaScript\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aparat.com\/embed\/v33q277?data[rnddiv]=81179114775&#038;data[responsive]=yes&#038;recom=self\"><\/script><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h2>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc urban sprawl<\/h2>\n<div>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"15:1-15:23\"><strong>In Persian (\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"17:1-17:398\"><strong>\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc (Urban Sprawl)<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u062a\u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0648\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"19:1-23:101\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"19:1-19:86\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646:<\/strong> \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"20:1-20:132\"><strong>\u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Single-use zoning):<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"21:1-21:92\"><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648:<\/strong> \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"22:1-22:121\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0632 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Strip malls) \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0632 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"23:1-23:101\"><strong>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u0634\u0645\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">What does &#8220;urban sprawl&#8221; mean ?<\/h3>\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<p data-sourcepos=\"5:1-5:15\"><strong>In English:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"7:1-7:399\"><strong><span class=\"citation-0\">Urban sprawl<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"citation-0 citation-end-0\"> refers to the uncontrolled and often unplanned expansion of urban areas into surrounding rural or undeveloped land. It is characterized<\/span> by low-density residential and commercial development, often reliant on private automobiles, leading to fragmented landscapes, increased infrastructure costs, longer commute times, and environmental degradation. Key features include:<\/p>\n<ul data-sourcepos=\"9:1-14:0\">\n<li data-sourcepos=\"9:1-9:83\"><strong>Low-density development:<\/strong> Houses and businesses are spread out, not clustered.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"10:1-10:116\"><strong>Single-use zoning:<\/strong> Commercial, residential, and industrial areas are separated, requiring travel between them.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"11:1-11:113\"><strong>Reliance on automobiles:<\/strong> Public transportation is often inefficient or non-existent, making cars essential.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"12:1-12:123\"><strong>Strip malls and big-box stores:<\/strong> Commercial development often takes the form of large, car-dependent shopping centers.<\/li>\n<li data-sourcepos=\"13:1-14:0\"><strong>Lack of centralized planning:<\/strong> Development happens in a piecemeal fashion rather than according to a comprehensive vision.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"15:1-15:23\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87-%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646: (\u062a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u067e\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u2026)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>02122460487<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>09214837929<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%aa%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%86-%d9%86%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/tube\/list-of-english-expressions-and-phrasal-verbs-videos-and-their-examples\/\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%88%da%af%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d9%85%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%87-%d8%b3%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d8%ad%d9%81%d8%b8-%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86-%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/pay\/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C\/\"><strong>\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b2%d8%b1%da%af%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%b4%d8%ba%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b2%d8%b1%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c-%d9%88-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/level\/\">\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/pay\/\">\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0641\u0631<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/students\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/learning\/grammar\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%af%da%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d9%87-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%b4%d8%ba%d9%84\/\">\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u063a\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%85%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%aa\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%af%d8%b1%da%a9\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d9%85%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%87-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%aa%d8%af%db%8c-%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%db%8c\/\">\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d9%87%d8%b2%db%8c%d9%86%d9%87-%da%a9%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d9%81%d9%82%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%be%db%8c%da%af%db%8c%d9%86%da%af-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u067e\u06cc\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%87-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d9%85%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%81%d9%86%db%8c-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\">\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a8%d9%87%d8%aa%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%86-%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%87-%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%a2%db%8c%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3-%da%a9%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa\/\"><strong>\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0633 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%b6%d9%85%db%8c%d9%86%db%8c-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/\"><strong>\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/blog\/%d8%a2%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b4-%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%b4%d8%b4-%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%87\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0634 \u0645\u0627\u0647<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/salamzaban\">\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u062a\u0631<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>0936: urban sprawl &nbsp; \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645. \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u067e\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646: (\u062a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u067e\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u060c \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u2026) 02122460487 09214837929 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc urban sprawl In Persian (\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc): \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc (Urban Sprawl) \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,4],"tags":[36,35,26,25],"class_list":["post-3259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english-expressions","category-english-language-training-clips","tag-sprawl","tag-urban","tag-26","tag-25"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc urban sprawl - \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u067e \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc (Urban Sprawl) \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u062f\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/salamzaban.com\/tube\/0936-urban-sprawl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc urban sprawl - \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u067e \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc (Urban Sprawl) \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc 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