شهر نیویورک

New York City

New York City is the largest city in the United States, and one of the largest cities in the world. The city of New York has a population of over seven million people, and the surrounding urban areas bring the total to about twenty million people. However, New York City is not merely a very large city; it is also known as one of the world’s leading centers of financial, artistic, and media activities.

Compared with most of the great cities of the world, New York is very young. The first permanent settlements were established during the seventeenth century, by settlers from the Netherlands. Those people named their town “New Amsterdam.” Soon, the colony was taken over by English settlers, who re-named the city “New York.” New York grew quickly, and by the nineteenth century it was the largest city of the United States.

New York was usually the place where new immigrants to the United States would arrive. In the nineteenth century, immigrants from Germany and Ireland were numerous in New York. In the early twentieth century, New York City was the home of many Jewish immigrants, and also immigrants from Italy.

In addition, many African-American people arrived in New York from other parts of the United States, and many persons came to New York from the American territory of Puerto Rico, a Spanish-speaking island in the Caribbean. In more recent decades, immigrants have arrived in New York from places all over the world.

One of the most famous features of New York City is its dramatic skyline. New York has more tall buildings, called “skyscrapers,” than any other city in the world. Many of the tallest and most interesting buildings in New York-including the Woolworth Building, the Chrysler Building, and the Empire State Building-were constructed during the early decades of the twentieth century.

In addition to these impressive buildings, New York is also known for the huge bridges that join the island of Manhattan to the surrounding areas. The Brooklyn Bridge is the most famous of these remarkable and old bridges.

Of course, New York is famous for much more than just its architecture. New York City’s financial district, Wall Street, and its theatre district, centered on Broadway, are the most important in the United States. Central Park is one of the world’s great urban parks, and the art galleries, museums, and concert halls are among the greatest to be found anywhere.

The United Nations has its headquarters in New York City. People around the world recognize the famous Statue of Liberty, which stands on an island in the harbor of New York, and the bustling Times Square, located in the mid-town Manhattan area.

Visitors to New York find it to be an extremely busy, fast-placed city and are struck by the extremes of wealth and poverty that surround it. Many people love New York City, but even those who would not want to live in New York do agree that it is a very interesting place.

urban:

of a town or city:
urban life
unemployment in urban areas
the deprived sections of the urban population

total:

the final number or amount of things, people etc when everything has been counted
That’s £7 and £3.50, so the total is £10.50.

a total of 20/100 etc

A total of thirteen meetings were held to discuss the issue.
in total
There were probably about 40 people there in total.
the sum total (=the whole of an amount when everything is considered together)

Another Source:

a number or quantity obtained as the result of addition; complete amount:

Add these numbers together and tell me the total.

A total of 20,000 people visited the castle on the first day it was open to the public.

leading:

best, most important, or most successful
The army played a leading role in organizing the attempted coup.

the leading industrial nations a leading heart specialist leading members of the government

numerous:

many
Numerous attempts have been made to hide the truth.
The two leaders have worked together on numerous occasions .
too numerous to mention/list
The individuals who have contributed to this book are far too numerous to mention.

dramatic:
exciting and unusual, like something that could happen in a drama:

his dramatic escape from the prison camp

The conversation stopped when she made her dramatic entrance.

He made a dramatic recovery.

skyline:

he shape made by hills or buildings against the sky
the famous New York skyline
New York’s impressive skyline

skyscraper:

a very tall modern city building

construct:

to build something such as a house, bridge, road etc
There are plans to construct a new road bridge across the river.
construct something from/of/in something
skyscrapers constructed entirely of concrete and glass

remarkable:

unusual or surprising and therefore deserving attention or praise
She has made remarkable progress.

a remarkable coincidence
remarkable feat/achievement/accomplishment

It’s a remarkable achievement for the company.
it is remarkable that
It is remarkable that women did not have the vote until that time.
remarkable for
His drawings are remarkable for their accuracy.
He’s a remarkable man .
see usage note unusual

district:

an area of a town or the countryside, especially one with particular features
rural/financial/theatre etc district

a house in a pleasant suburban district
Another Source
an area with a special and particular quality, or of a particular kind:

the Lake District in northern England | a poor district in a city
an industrial district

bustling:

a bustling place is very busy
bustling with somebody/something
The flower market was bustling with shoppers.

busy:

1
▶PERSON◀
if you are busy, you are working hard and have a lot of things to do
She’s busy now – can you phone later? a busy mother of four
busy with
Mr Haynes is busy with a customer at the moment.
busy doing something
Rachel’s busy studying for her exams.
There were lots of activities to keep the kids busy .

2
▶TIME◀
a busy period of time is full of work or other activities
December is the busiest time of year for shops. a busy day He took time out of his busy schedule to visit us.

3
▶PLACE◀
a busy place is very full of people or vehicles and movement
We live on a very busy road .

4
▶TELEPHONE◀
especially American English if a telephone you are calling is busy, it makes a repeated sound to tell you that the person you are calling is talking on their telephone
British Equivalent: engaged I called Sonya, but her line was busy. I keep getting a busy signal .
5
▶PATTERN◀
a pattern or design that is busy is too full of small details – used to show disapproval