جملات شرطی نوع سوم در انگلیسی | حسرت گذشته با مثال و تمرین

بند شرط

If you had called me last night…

گذشته‌ی کامل — had + قسمت سوم.

بند نتیجه

…I would have come to see you.

would have + قسمت سوم.

تأسف

If I had studied harder, I would have passed.

درس نخواندم و قبول نشدم. افسوس می‌خورم.

سرزنش

If you had listened to me, this wouldn’t have happened.

به حرفم گوش نکردی. کمی سرزنش‌آمیز.

نوع سوم خالص

If you had called, I would have come.

هر دو در گذشته.

مختلط — گذشته روی حال

If I had gotten a flu shot, I wouldn’t be sick.

واکسن نزدم — و الان مریضم.

نوع دوم — الان

If I had money, I would buy a car.

الان پول ندارم. شاید فردا داشته باشم.

نوع سوم — آن‌وقت

If I had had money, I would have bought a car.

آن موقع پول نداشتم. دیگر تمام شد.

❌ If you had called, I would came.

✅ If you had called, I would have come.

خطای ۱ — بند نتیجه would have + قسمت سوم می‌خواهد.

❌ If you would have called, I would have come.

✅ If you had called, I would have come.

خطای ۲ — would have در بند if نمی‌آید.

❌ If he had went to school…

✅ If he had gone to school…

خطای ۳ — قسمت سوم فعل، نه گذشته‌ی ساده.

❌ If I had known, I would tell you.

✅ If I had known, I would have told you.

خطای ۴ — اگر نتیجه هم در گذشته است، have لازم است.

❌ If she had read it, she can have understood.

✅ If she had read it, she could have understood.

خطای ۵ — can باید could شود.

❌ If they had asked me I would have helped.

✅ If they had asked me, I would have helped.

خطای ۶ — if اول بیاید، کاما لازم است.